In secrets that were never revealed to us, Viktor learns the elusive chemistry of limb transplantation in Mary Shelly’s Frankenstein. Now, over 200 years later, we grow ever closer to uncovering those secrets in the form of vascularised composite allotransplantation (VCA), a procedure which allows the transplantation of full limbs from donor to recipient from the bone to the muscle, blood vessels, nerves, and skin.